India's national public health insurance scheme for the poor, offering smart card–enabled, cashless hospitalization to over 37 million low-income families. This flagship initiative aims to enhance access to healthcare and financial protection for the most vulnerable populations across the country.

The document describes the Sahel Climate Catastrophe Layer (SCCL) by the World Food Programme (WFP), a parametric insurance covering vulnerable populations against extreme droughts in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger. The initiative enables rapid, pre-financed disaster response, complements national risk financing tools, and strengthens regional climate resilience.